The Character of Claudius in Shakespeares Hamlet Essay -- GCSE Englis

The Character of Claudius in Hamlet As a supporting point of reference in Shakespeares play, Hamlet, Claudius is not developed to his full potential. His primary role in the play is to initiate Hamlets confusion and anger, and his subsequent search for truth and lifes meaning. further Claudius is certainly not a static character. While Claudius qualities are not as thoroughly explored as Hamlets, the treacherous King of Denmark is a complete character. When we kickoff see Claudius, he strikes us an intelligent and capable ruler. He gives a speech to make his court and country proud, addressing his brothers death and the potential conflict with Norway. Claudius knows that a change in government could ignite civil unrest, and he is afraid of possible unlawful allegiances and rebellion. His speech juxtaposes the peoples loss with the new beginning they will need under his care, and he uses the death of Hamlets father to create a sense of national solidarity, the whole kingdom/To be contracted in one supercilium of woe (I.ii.3-4). Claudius has assumed the role of the chief mourner, and the people can unite behind a collective suffering. He can now concentrate on his kingly duties, and he takes immediate and decisive action by sending Cornelius and Voltimand to appease the Norwegian king. He also deals skillfully with Laertes request to leave for France. On the whole, then, there emerges a King who is well qualified for his office...there continually appears on the stage a man who is utterly unlike the descriptions, and this in turn gives to Hamlets address their real value. (Lokse, Outrageous Fortune, 79). But Claudius, in private, is a very different person. The Ghost refers to him as that incestuous, that adulterate beast (... ... from indulging his human desires. He is not a monster he is morally weak, content to trade his humanity and very soul for a few prized possessions. As the great critic Harley Granville-Barker observes we induce in Claudius the makings of the central figure of a tragedy. (Granville-Barker, Prefaces to Shakespeare.3., 269) Bibliography Bradley, A.C. Shakespearean Tragedy. (New York St. Martins Press, 1966). Burnett, Mark, ed. New Essays on Hamlet. (New York AMS Press, 1994). Evans Lloyd Gareth. Shakespeare IV. (London Oxford university Press, 1967). Granville-Barker, Henry. Prefaces to Shakespeare.3 (New York, Hill and Wang, 1970). Loske, Olaf. Outrageous Fortune. (Oslo Oslo University Press, 1960). Muir, Kenneth. Shakespeare and the Tragic Pattern, Proceedings of the British Academy, Vol.XLIV (London Oxford University Press, 1958).

Hamlet Diary :: essays papers

Hamlet DiaryAct 11st EntryI am still in morn. My perplexs death came as to ashock to me. He was a great man who led and served hiscountry well. He died of means, which are unknown,which leaves me curious on the manner. As I am soakedfrom head to toe in these inky-covered clothes, I sitand contemplate. It has been one month since and myfathers brother Claudius is to be wedded with my draw. Is it possible that my mother is finishedgrieving? I know that there is no time put on such afeeling, but one month squeeze out be true. Father was a goodKing loyal, trusting and good at heart. Does mymother realize? Has she, herself been shocked with thetragedy that our family has encountered? And what isthis about Claudius? I mean, his companion One month andthese two are ready for the incest within marriage.Claudius is acting with haste. I do understand theposition on which now lies upon him, but what I dontunderstand is how could they be already in love so soonafter my very fathers de ath?I shall keep my eyes open, as I keep these clouds above my head. 2ndEntryMy fathers back from the dead Could it be true? Does my fatherlie in purgatory? Why does he lay fermenting? Does Horatio speakthe truth? He is such the scholar, but does his eyes deceivehim? I shall go and look for my self 3rd EntryIt is true My father has chosen to show to warn me about theunfaithful deeds. MURDERED Claudius, that swine. Plague uponhim. With his murderous intentions, he shall feel the rage,which my father unleashes upon him. Is my mother blind tothese intentions? To these actions? Is it true, that my motherand Claudius had extramarital relations before my fathers death?I am now mad, for that pass on be the explanation which peoplewill say in my defense. I will play insane, for people willexpect such intentions of my revenge. My fathers murder hasnow brought me to an unconscious state. When I seek revenge,it is merle just an act out of my madness. I must reveal hissinister-like actions. Revenge has to be wisely thought out. Iwill reveal Claudius, and kill him at the right time. I swearon my fathers grave, I shall heed my fathers commands.4th EntryMost foul, strange and unnatural. Claudius kills, for the crown

Structuralism Developed by Ferdinand de Saussure Essays -- literary the

Structuralism was developed by Ferdinand de Saussure in the mid-twentieth century (Cuddon and Preston 923). This creation was brought on, in part, by the French existentialism compass point and is often combined with the semiotic theory of literary criticism both are the source of development for other literary criticisms from the formalist schools of thought. As the name suggests, structural anthropology examines the structure of the work, investigating the ramifications of the organizations of literatures (McManus, 1998). As an image to portray this idea is examining the structure of a building and comparison it to the structures of other buildings in its surroundings, and then subsequently comparing the common features of those buildings to buildings from other cultures and what those architectural discrepancies represent (Brizee and Tompkins, 2011). Structuralism employs terms to help in the understanding of one of the most complex literary theories (McManus, 1998 Brizee and Tompkins, 2011). All voice communication in any given language are either classified as parole or langue (McManus, 1998). Barbara McManus is an expert on literary criticism, has authored two books on the subject, is a retired professor of Classics Emerita, including the topics of Feminism and general literary criticism courses, from College of New Rochelle who defines the two terms as any particular meaningful use of intercommunicate or written language (also called performance) and the underlying system of sounds, forms, and rules of combination of a language which make meaningful communication possible (a speakers implicit acquaintance of this system is called competence), respectively (McManus, 2003 McManus, 1998). McManus later states that Structuralists are interested in langu... ...ll D. Moyers. The Power of Myth. New York Doubleday, 1988. Print.Cormac McCarthy on James Joyce and Punctuation. Interview by Oprah Winfrey.Oprah.com. OPRAH, 01 June 2008. Web. 05 Feb. 2014. .C uddon, J. A., and Claire Preston. The Penguin Dictionary of Literary equipment casualty and Literary Theory. London Penguin, 1999. Print.McCarthy, Cormac. The Road. New York Alfred A. Knopf, 2006. Print.McManus, Barbara F. Barbara McManus Home Page. CNR.com. College of New Rochelle, July 2003. Web. 4 Feb. 2014.McManus, Barbara F. Structuralist Approaches. Structuralist Approaches. The College of New Rochelle, Oct. 1998. Web. 16 Jan. 2014.Murfin, Ross, and Supryia M. Ray. VirtuaLit Critical Approaches. VirtuaLit Critical Approaches. Bedford/St. Martins, n.d. Web. 04 Feb. 2014.

industrial revolution Essay -- essays research papers

What factors helped to promote Americas huge industrial growth during the percentage point from 1860-1900?America had a huge industrial revolution in the late 1800s. Many changes happened to our great nation, which factored into this. The evidence clearly shows that advancements in new technology, a salient wave of immigrants into our country and new views of our g overnment, helped to promote Americas huge industrial growth from the period of 1860-1900.Advancements in new technology clearly promoted the industrial growth of the United States. The new technologies allowed business owners to reduce labor in the movement of materials from one point to the other. This occurred by using the new technology of railroads and machinery. worry owners used the railroads to transport their finished product and raw materials around the country more efficiently, which enabled businesses to expand. The business owners were now able to use machines for lifting materials from one floor to anothe r(prenominal) and to use conveyer belts to move materials around on an assembly line. The use of machines is evident because the graph in document 5 clearly shows that American industrial and agricultural power sources between 1850 and 1900 changed. This is evident because in 1850, only 13% human power and 35% water and coal power was used, but in 1900 a mere 5% human power and a whopping 73% water and coal power was used. The use of machines more than doubled over the course from 1850-1900, and the human output de...

Is Mary Shelleys Frankenstein typical of the horror genre? Essay

Is Mary Shelleys Frankenstein typical of the horror genre?To answer the question above, I firstly need to be trig about theterm genre. Genre is a particular style in art or literature, someexamples of genres are romantic, Romance, science-fiction and Gothic.Each genre has its own private features, for example the romancegenre deals with love, it normally has exotic settings and it dealswith emotional issues. I am going to try and categorise the book andthen try to determine whether or not it is just a horror figment, or if itis more than that. If it is just a horror story then it will focus ondeath, darkness, fear and terror. It will also try to shock the refand it will use suspense heavily.With this in mind, Frankenstein is definitely a horror story, forexample passe-partout Frankenstein said, on the day when the creature wasborn, a dreary night in November. This shows that the day is dark,which is typical of a day in a horror story. instil a spark... intothis lifeless thing this is when he is talking about the creature,and there is definitely and emphasis on death and darkness. Victorsays he also has dumbfounding horror this shows that he is feelingespecially horrified with the monster.From the beginning of the book, the horror genre is the primary genrein the novel, even before Victor Frankensteins story has even begunthere is evidence of horror. Just before he starts to tell his story,he tells Robert Walton that his story has unparalleled misfortunesand that he has memories of evil this is meant to strike fear intothe reader and into Robert Walton, it shows that Victor Frankensteinis deeply horrified with what has happened to him. There is also evilin this story a... ...ypical through out all of the book.I believe that Frankenstein is definitely a horror story and that itis also a Gothic story, because it has many features that are typicalof these genres. I do not believe that they are the main genresthough, as the Romantic genre is a lot more domi nant in this novel. Ibelieve that this is mainly because of the time period that it was setin, as it was written in 1818, and this was when people were startingto discard the horror genre, and they were starting to believe innature. Also the horror genre is only present in a few of the chaptersand the Romantic genre is present in most. There are many other genrespresent, but none of them are feature as oftentimes as the Romantic genre. Ido believe that Frankenstein is typical of the horror genre, but onlyin some of the novel, and it is more typical of the Romantic genre.

Is Mary Shelleys Frankenstein typical of the horror genre? Essay

Is Mary Shelleys Frankenstein typical of the horror genre?To answer the question above, I firstly need to be go across about theterm genre. Genre is a particular style in art or literature, someexamples of genres are romantic, Romance, science-fiction and Gothic.Each genre has its own individual(prenominal) features, for example the romancegenre deals with love, it normally has exotic settings and it dealswith emotional issues. I am going to try and categorise the book andthen try to purpose whether or not it is just a horror explanation, or if itis more than that. If it is just a horror story then it will focus ondeath, darkness, fear and terror. It will also try to shock the reviewerand it will use suspense heavily.With this in mind, Frankenstein is definitely a horror story, forexample victor Frankenstein said, on the day when the creature wasborn, a dreary night in November. This shows that the day is dark,which is typical of a day in a horror story. steep a spark... intoth is lifeless thing this is when he is talking about the creature,and there is definitely and emphasis on death and darkness. Victorsays he also has staggering horror this shows that he is feelingespecially horrified with the monster.From the beginning of the book, the horror genre is the primary genrein the novel, even before Victor Frankensteins story has even begunthere is evidence of horror. Just before he starts to tell his story,he tells Robert Walton that his story has unparalleled misfortunesand that he has memories of evil this is meant to strike fear intothe reader and into Robert Walton, it shows that Victor Frankensteinis deeply horrified with what has happened to him. There is also evilin this story a... ...ypical through out all of the book.I believe that Frankenstein is definitely a horror story and that itis also a Gothic story, because it has many features that are typicalof these genres. I do not believe that they are the main genresthough, as the Romantic genre is a lot more dominant in this novel. Ibelieve that this is mainly because of the time period that it was setin, as it was pen in 1818, and this was when people were startingto discard the horror genre, and they were starting to believe innature. Also the horror genre is only present in a few of the chaptersand the Romantic genre is present in most. There are many other genrespresent, but none of them are feature as such(prenominal) as the Romantic genre. Ido believe that Frankenstein is typical of the horror genre, but onlyin some of the novel, and it is more typical of the Romantic genre.

My Favourite Book Essay

Some read books to idle away their time. Some read books to widen their knowledge, while many others read books to enjoy its content. I belong to this category. I enjoy reading good books specially novels, short stories, plays, and so onThe world famous literary works of great authors such as, Charles Dickens, Tolstoy, Dominique Lappiere, Rabindranath Tagore, R. K. Narayan, Arundhathi Roy, Salman Rushdie, etc. have always charmed and thrilled me, giving waves of delight, leisure, relaxation and mental refreshment.My favourite book is City of Joy written by Dominique Lappiere. The book is a touching description of the lives of the slum-dwellers of Kolkata. The street-urchins, cycle-rickshaw pullers, city-v breakors, coolies, pimps, ordinary men and women are the heroes and heroines of this story.Their lives, their joys and suffering and their pitiable existence are vividly painted by the author. It is the story of the most outcaste people of the society. But the author finds joy, c ourage, excellence, and fine qualities amidst this miserable existence. The story has touched me so much that I have read this book several measure during the last few years.The most attractive feature of the book, which impressed me most, was the authors mention of minute details. The author does not give a word picture of the slums of Kolkata from far but rather presents a realistic picture with its congested dwellings, dirty drains, narrow footpaths, peoples quarrels and fights, their feasts and festivals, etc.The beauty of narration becomes every(prenominal) the more thrilling when it is realistic and true. No wonder why the book has won so much international acclaim. Secondly, the superb presentation of the scenes, characters and episodes whether important or unimportant in the story, keeps the reader spellbound throughout.The language is simple and the style of narration is down to earth. The authors skill of characterisation is too great to go unnoticed. When we read the book, a whole face of numerous lives open before us. Lappieres art of story building is also most impressive.The dawdling build-up of the story leading to a touching finale in the end has made Lappieres work a wonderful literary work, worth reading. It is a fact that if one starts reading this book, he or she would not be able to put away the book without completing it. The curiosity to know what happened to their lives and how they would end up finally keeps the reader excited and forces him/her to go on with the reading.Over the last few years I have read many books, particularly fictions. But none of them has impressed me or touched me in this manner and brought tears to my eyes as City of Joy. To me this book is one of the finest books in the world. Its excellent qualities have made it my favourite book.

Disability Discrimination Employment Law Essay

baulk inconsistency, Employment jurisprudenceIntroduction The conflict jurisprudence governs the duties and arights between employees and employers and are excessively referred as labour fair play. The rules are for the most part designed to keep the workers safe as well as ascertain that they are treated reasonably within the workplace. In addition, the Employment Laws are also en executeed to protect the employers interest. In a nutshell, Employment Laws are based on national and state charter, administrative rules, court opinions and legislation. As mentioned earlier, a special(a) barter relationship can be governed by a contract between the employer and the employee. For example, the American Employment cloak traces back to the community protest, in opposite to the unfair practices during the industrial revolution in the 20th century. The initial practice of laws were enacted to compensate the injured workers, outlaw child labour and establish minimum wage for th e workers. However, the law has been expanded to cover other aspects faced in the contract of meshing (Davies, 2012). Employment inconsistency laws are the federal and state laws which usu aloney prohibit employers from treating the workers other than in reference to certain attributes. Discrimination by government employers for example violates the constitution guarantee of equal protection. Under the current law, persons are protected against injury based on aspects such(prenominal) as their skin twist, race, country of origin or genetic information (such as family medical history), gender, hindrance, religion or age. In several cases, it is also unlawful for employers to show preferitism based on political affiliation, sexual orientation or marital status. What is diversity? Labour foodstuff discrepancy is referred as the difference in the treatment of two qualified individuals product line applier or workers on account of their constipation, religion, race, gend er, etc. It is the main origination of inequality in the workplaces. Discrimination is harmful as it affects the economy outcomes of business entities, organizations, and that of equally productive workers. This can either be directly or indirectly. Discrimination is non only about measurable outcomes but also complicates unquantifiable outcomes. However, at some points it becomes hard to differentiate between productivity relate inequality at the workplaces and discrimination. However, over the time, employment inequalities have declined but the vital issue on employment discrimination is the persistence of the vice (discrimination) in the capitalist economy. In employment law, direct discrimination is decisions such as the failure to hire, unequal pay and benefits, firing of workers that are based on an applicants or employees characteristics such as colour, gender, religion deterioration among other characteristics. Indirect discrimination is when discrimination arises from employment policies issued by the employer. The policies have an adverse effect on the employees race, colour of their skin, ethnicity and other like characteristics. For example, when an organization has all the facilities and can be accessed by all the workers including the disabled, but access to the building by the disabled workers is from the back lieu of the building then this is a form of indirect discrimination. Direct discrimination is when two different people for example a white and black with the same(p) qualification apply for a job vacant. The black person is told the job was operaten, but when the white applies, the response is different, and the job is available. constipation discrimination Disability discrimination is a form of discrimination in workplaces where a manager or other body covered by the Association for people with Disabilities Act, treats an employee or an applicant with a disability in an unlawful way. It is also giving harsh treatment to an indi vidual only because he is disabled. On the other hand, disability inequity also occurs when a covered employer or other entity treats an employee or applicant less(prenominal) favourably because he or she has an account of a disability. Disabilities may involve cases such as cancer that is inhibited or in reduction and also cases such as mental or a physical mutilation. (Mutilation that is not short-lived such that it is expected to last or lasting for 6 months or less). The labour law however requires an employer to supply rational accommodation to such a worker or a job aspirant with any form of disability. Despite this, there is an exceptional for such furnish. In case doing so would cause major complexity or expenditure to the employer (undue hardship), the employer is permitted to neglect the Employment Law (Geisen & Harder, 2011). Under the equality Act 2010, disability discrimination by an employer is when he or she treats a job applicant or an employees less favourably b ecause of his or her disability. For example, job is a qualified accountant and applied for the job of chief accountant officer in company A. However, his application was dealed down after the management learnt that he is on a wheelchair user. This is direct disability discrimination. When an organization has a policy or procedure which despite applying to all the workers in the entity, puts people who share disability at a disadvantage compared to others, it is referred as indirect discrimination. Direct discrimination is to a greater extent prominent in comparison with indirect. It is mostly experienced when a person is discriminated in the following areas employment, education and training, provision of facilities, goods or services among many other areas (Perry et al, 2004). There are various sources of Employment Law or the labour law both at planetary and national level. It can be found in a number of different sources. One of the main sources is the Common Law. This is th e law made by settle when announcing their judgment in cases. Common Law is different from the Legislation law. Secondly, there is the Legislation source of the employment laws which is also known as Acts of Parliament or Statute law. These are laws drafted and enacted by the government. For example under the Employment law, there are Employment Act 2008, Employment act 2002, Employment rights Act 1996. Others imply Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and 2005, human beings rights act 1998, Equality Act, 2006 among many other acts that are used to govern the employment contracts as well as sources of Employment law. What is contained in the different Act may differ from one country to another. government activity agencies Contribution in preventing disability discrimination Government agencies in the UK, has been known for their commitment to social justice for all the people. This has been through various ways such as access of vital information to all people. The government ha s embarked on the implementation of the United Kingdom employment equality law. This is a body of which legislates against prejudice based actions in the workplaces. The law has well stipulated steering in prevention of discrimination against the defined characteristics such as disability. In addition, the government has a well established court system that has allowed disability discrimination victims to report in case of any discrimination experience. The government has been on the forefront in fighting against discrimination. This been seen through the support of agencies such as human rights movement. The movement is allowed to fight for the rights of minority groups in the community. The government has also supported the fight against disability discrimination through the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA). The act makes it criminal to categorize against disabled persons. The law was enacted in1995 to provide stability in employment. The U.K. government has since extensively improved the DDAs reward by extending its extent to give disabled persons lawfully protected social rights in almost all decisive areas of spirit (Mabbett, 2005).Contribution of human rights in disability discrimination Since the existence of the human rights movement, the establishment has been on the forefront in promoting fundamental human rights. The establishment has been and continues to fight for equality as this is the cornerstone of fighting all kinds of discrimination. The project of fighting disability discrimination has been through the collaboration of the government and the human rights organization as well as like minded establishment. However, the fight against disability discrimination has its advantages and disadvantages. One of the advantages is the peaceful existence of people in the places of work. Whether disabled or not, the extinction of discrimination in the work places makes it possible for each and either employee contribute positively to the runnin g of the organization. In addition, the fight has led to minimized discriminations against disabled people. It also provides vital egalitarianism through equal rights in service. Finally, it makes well access of goods and services to all people such as public transport, education among others, as well as providing optimal conditions for retaining and hiring qualified workers (Hunter, 1992). However, the fight against disability discrimination has resulted to increased expenses for the organization and business entities. For example, the employer is supposed to provide adequate resources for the disabled to have equal access as the other workers. If workers is confined into a wheelchair, his mobility is limited, the employer is supposed to provide adequate facilities and structures to enhance such a worker movement. This calls for extra financial need to support the disabled people.Disability discrimination cases at work place. (Case 1)Case Summary Joan Maya (the plaintiff) work ed for Sweet Restaurant Limited. She sued her former employer Sweet Restaurant Limited for direct disability discrimination. Despite Sweet Restaurant Limited (the defendant) not making explicit remarks about Joans disabilities when terminating her employment, the court found that, the reason behind Joans dismissal was her injuries. In turn, the court ruled in favour of Joan and awarded damages for injuries and loss of income.Facts Joan was employed by the Sweet Restaurant Limited as a waiter in its Liverpool restaurant. She was supposed to help wheelchair-bound customers by lifting the right side of the wheelchair using his left hand hand together with three other waiters. On 30th April 2010, Joan sustained an injury to the left side of her body part supporting a wheelchair-bound customer. The Employees Compensation (Ordinary Assessment) Board Sweet Restaurant Limited assessed that Joan had suffered a 1 percent loss in earnings capacity as a result of that injury. However, Joan alleged that the Defendant had engaged in unlawful disability discrimination in breach of the Disability Discrimination Ordinance (DDO) on the grounds that The Defendant delayed or defaulted in reimbursing medical expenses to Joan. Mr. Walter, a manager of the Defendant, displayed a ferocious facial expression to Joan. Walter was dissatisfied when Joan asked to hold the left side of the wheelchair (instead of the right side) due to her injury. Mr. Victor John, a director of the Defendant, had expressed dissatisfaction taking her sick leave. He showed a judgmental facial expression to Joan, scream at her and directed her to leave Sweet Restaurant Limited for her inability to use her left hand to carry the wheelchair. The Defendant dismissed Joan with 7 geezerhood wages without notice and giving no reason. The Defendant denied the accusation of illegal discrimination. It argued that Joan was already well again from his injuries at the material times, and sought to base Joans dismi ssal on her poor work presentation.Decision The Court alleged that, the complaints made against Joans work performance were unconfirmed because No warning in print had been issued about Joans poor performance. I addition, there is no record of Joans attendance had been produced by the Defendant to show that Joan had intentionally selected the busiest dates to take leave. The conditions indicated that the reason for Joans discharge was not her deprived performance, but the soured affiliation between the parties. This was after she had her injuries. Despite the fact that no remarks were made by Walter or Victor that pointed directly at her disabilities, the Court concluded that the disgust they directed against Joan was as a result of the work injuries Joan had sustained. The Court held that the Defendant had acted in breach of the DDO and awarded damages to Joan of $101,181.70 comprising compensation for injuries sustained and her loss of earnings.Comments from the case It is ill egal to treat a worker less satisfactorily on the grounds of the employees disability. An employer does not need to have made any explicit remarks about an employees disability to engage in unlawful disability discrimination. As such, an employer need to be careful about how it treats an employee who has a disability or who may have suffered an injury. The explanation of the case was based on the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA), which is the major law concerned with discrimination cases. The act is used to define disability in context to the case scenario. However, despite the well laid law in prevention of disability discrimination (direct discrimination), the implementation of justice has challenges which is identification of evidences to support the cases. There has been the impersonation of disability prevention policies which are directed at controlling and minimization of discrimination cases. The policies are usually contained in the law with well stipulated procedure for employees and employers. There has been a shift away from treating disabled persons as passive recipients of welfare to viewing them as people with rights and the capacity to control their own care. The disabled peoples society, in campaigning for an inclusive community, is super decisive of the form that recent government policy on anti-discrimination has taken. The employers are always supposed to adhere to the rules and regulations of the law about any form of discrimination. (Reitz, 2007).The impact of employment law enactment has been faced with numerous challenges. One of the main challenges is the difference in policies from that are implemented by various organizations and employment companies in curbing organizations. Despite the general law against the disability discrimination as well as other forms of discrimination different organizations have various access code method in curbing the vice. This greatly the common goal of the discrimination eradication acts. In addition, the reluctance of the people in the country has contributed to fully enactment of the law. This is whereby employees fail to report discrimination cases to the courts. This has in turn become a stumbling block in the fight against employee discrimination. Another challenge in curbing discrimination is the lack of information and educates education on the matter (lack of knowledge to the people). Education programs are frequently organized to educate not only the employees but also the general public on ways to eliminate discrimination. The employment law and legal institutions have to the change of the social interaction between the law and society. The employment law has contributed to the social understanding and existence of different people in work places. In other words, the law has created equality in the society. Law has, more often than not, been measured as the conventional approach of the state to manage and uphold social order within its domain. It is also tak en as a mechanism to successfully promote and uphold regulations in the societies. Laws and regulations are generally constructed on lawful concepts that emerge for centuries all through time, and they are influencing everyday life in varying ways. If we, for theoretical purposes, understand the law as a system of rules, the relations between law and society has until recently been both fairly straightforward and based on customs, traditions, geographical boundaries and physical space.Conclusion The employment law and measure remains important features of employment regulation. Employers are much less likely to determine policies or employment practices without reference to legal standards. Nevertheless, there is still achievement which has been attained in curbing various levels of discrimination among the workers. Disability discrimination however, requires efforts from various stakeholders in order to minimize the discrimination in workplaces. The adoption of the legislation s etting into the employment laws has improved labour standards and in turn strengthens the workers as well as their unions. The designing of labour laws today also has a key position in ensuring that a high level of employment and sustained economic growth is accompanied by continuous improvement of the living and working conditions globally.ReferencesBlanpain, R. (2009).European labour law. Alphen aan den Rijn etc. Kluwer.Reitz, A. E. (2007).Labor and employment law in the new EU member and candidate states.Chicago American except Association.Davies, A. C. L. (2012).EU labour law. Cheltenham, UK Edward Elgar Pub.Hunter, R. C. (1992).Indirect discrimination in the workplace. Annandale, NSW FederationPress.Susser, P., & Petesch, P. J. (2011).Disability discrimination and the workplace. Arlington,Va BNA Books.International Labour Office. (2007).Equality at work Tackling the challenges global reportunder the follow up to the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights atWork. Geneva International Labour Office.Geisen, T., & Harder, H. G. (2011).Disability management and workplace integrationInternational research findings. Farnham, Surrey Gower.In Heymann, J., In Stein, M. A., & In Moreno, G. (2013).Disability and equity at work.Parry, J., & American Bar Association. (2008).Disability discrimination law, evidence andtestimony A comprehensive reference manual for lawyers, judges and disability professionals. Chicago, Ill American Bar Association, Commission on Mental and Physical Disability Law.Perry, P., Perry Scott Nash Group., & British Standards Institution. (2004).Winning with theDisability Discrimination Act A guide for business. London BSI.Mabbett, D. (2005). The Development of Rights-based hearty Policy in the European UnionThe Example of Disability Rights. Journal Of Common Market Studies,43(1), 97-120. doi10.1111/j.0021-9886.2005.00548.xResearch and, M. (4). Research and Markets European Union Non-Discrimination Law andIntersectionality Invest igating the Triangle of Racial, Gender and Disability Discrimination.Business Wire (English).UK employment law Disability discrimination. Retrieved fromhttp//www.lzwlaw.co.uk/documents/employment_law_dd.htmDisability discrimination, Retrieved fromhttp//www.adviceguide.org.uk/england/discrimination_e/discrimination_discrimination_because_of_disability_e/disability_discrimination.htmh_tocSource document

Intersections of Race, Class, and Gender in the Tempest Essay

In Shakespeares play, The Tempest, the characters of Prospero and Caliban, represent two different extremes on the kind spectrum the ruler, and the ruled. Their positions on the social hierarchy are largely due to the fact that Caliban responds almost wholly to passions, feelings of pleasure his senses, objet dart Prospero is ruled more(prenominal) by his intellect and self-will his mind. at heart The Tempest there are obvious social implications regarding this social hierarchy, with the representations of characters such as Caliban and Prospero. During Shakespeares time social classification was much more rigid than today and some members of society were considered superior to opposite members. Shakespeare attempts to provide an example of this rigid social structure. Shakespeare illustrates how superior men differentiated themselves from lesser beings on the basis of race, class, and g stoper. Through the characterization of Prospero, Shakespeare provides an example of one, w ho had reason to feel superior and often did voice his superiority, yet at times treated others on a more holistic level and even forgave others wrong doings.In the closing scene of William Shakespeares, The Tempest, through dialogue with Antonio, Prospero states This thing of shadower I/ Acknowledge mine (V.1.275-6). This statement by Prospero is simply stating what Prospero bona fidely believes, that he is genuinely the master of Caliban and the rest of the island because he colonized it. Prospero had one connect many, if not all, of the other inhabitants of the island did not posess a wealth of knowledge. The source of all his power, in both ways of his magic and his obvious control over the other inhabitants in the play comes from his books. enchantment he firmly believes he has power over almost everyone and everything in the play, Prospero has a very empathetic side as well. In the end he forgives Caliban for plotting against his life and even relates himself to Caliban. This shows that, in a way, Calibans rebellion was quite successful because it showed Prospero some of his tyrannical and hypocritical ways. bingle such example of Prosperos tyrannical and hypocritical ways is when Ariel reminds his master of his promise to relieve him of his duties early if he performs them willingly. In response to this deal, Prospero bursts into fury and threatens to show him to his former imprisonment and torment. Thou liest, malignant thing Hast thou forgot / The foul witch Sycorax, who with age and envy / Was grown into a hoop? Hast thou forgot her? (I.2.16) or else of Prospero acknowledging that Ariel has indeed lived up to his end of the deal thus far, he bursts into rage only acknowledging exactly what he did for Ariel in the first place. This in turn emphasizes Prosperos extremely autocratic stance, he puts Ariel down to build himself up.Another example Prosperos unnecessarily tyrannical ways is the first time Prospero calls for Caliban to enter in The Te mpest. But as tis, / We cannot miss him he does make our fire, / Fetch in our wood, and serves in offices / That profit us. What, ho slave Caliban / Thou earth, thou communicate (I.2.18). term Prospero believes he saved Caliban from the Sycorax, his blue-eyed hag mother, he essentially kills Calibans mother and takes out-of-door not only his mother and the land that is rightfully his, but most importantly his freedom as well. He takes away Calibans freedom and forces him to be his slave. Ariel, who Prospero did indeed save from Sycorax is considered a servant, while Caliban, who was not imprisoned by Sycorax, but instead living with Sycorax as his mother was turned into the lowest form of a being. Essentially Prospero lands on Calibans island, takes away everything he has, and then forces him to become his slave proclaiming he saved him from his witch mother. This is yet another perfect example of how Prospero displays the obvious social hierarchy and is in like manner the typic al colonizer. These actions and consequent reasonings are also prime examples of Prosperos horrible tyrannical ways from the beginning of the play.Prospero and Calibans relationship is forced from the beginning of the play when Prosperos strong authoritative flavors begin to surface. Caliban has the right of ownership of the island however, Prospero firmly believes in the superiority of the white European over the half-devil islander. While this puts a strain on their relationship from the start, the boiling point came when Caliban attempts to rape Miranda, Prosperos daughter. Even after attempting to rape Miranda, Caliban was brutally honest in not denying his malicious intent. O ho, O ho Wouldt had been done/ Thou didst prevent me I had peopled else/ This isle with Calibans (I.2.349-51).In response to Calibans essay rape and his obvious total lack of remorse for it, Prospero states, I have used thee / with humane care, and lodge thee/ In mine own cell gutter thou didst seek to violate / The honor of my child (I.2.345-8). Prospero recounts here that he has cared for Caliban and lodged him and he still has attempted to violate what is most sacred to him, his daughter Miranda. Again, Prospero belief that by killing his mother Sycorax that Prospero essentially freed Caliban so he has the right to claim Caliban as his own slave. He states that he has cared for Caliban and given him a home, while truly he has treated Caliban with no respect or gratitude at all throughout the play. Prospero is essentially riding on the belief that he has in the end saved Caliban, so he is entitled to treat Caliban however he pleases and Caliban should accept that as well.While Prospero accepts no responsibility for Calibans actions, in the end of the play his compassionate side not only comes out, but he also begins to forgive Caliban for the attempted rape and the plot to kill him. As you carriage/ to have my pardon, trim it handsomely (V.1.93-94). Prospero is essentially st ating, just go do a good job on this task and you have my forgiveness. He is in conclusion starting to realize how poorly he has treated Caliban while still holding true to his autocratic ego and not accepting any responsibility.While Calibans rebellion was not successful in the terms of his plot succeeding, it was successful in Calibans latent goal of wanting Prosperos genuine respect and not the classic master-slave relationship which Prospero has projected throughout the entire play. While Prospero and Caliban represent two different extremes on the social spectrum, their positions on the social hierarchy are largely due to the fact that Caliban responds almost wholly to passions, feelings of pleasure his senses, while Prospero is ruled more by his intellect and self-discipline his mind. Within The Tempest there are obvious social implications regarding this social hierarchy, with the representations of the characters Caliban and Prospero. In the end of the play, Prospero finall y begins to break this social hierarchy and shows Caliban some much necessary forgiveness.

Historical Critical Perspective on the Life and Works of Langston Hughes Essay

The paper exit focus on criticizing the works of Langston Hughes in the basis of his manner and make for of his surroundings. The historical perspectives will be the basis of criticizing his works. How the political and social aspects did influenced him to create his poetries. The life and works of Hughes in response to his adamant life will be discussed critically in this paper.Langston Hughes LifeBorn at Mississippi in 1902, Langston was the son of both African American citizens. In his growth, his environment was varnished with racial discrimination issues which were instigated by his grandmother and the environment he lived. This rooted in writing about social issues which is mostly the topics of his writings. His greatest achievement was that he was the first Black American who was considered with racial consciousness to make a living by writing (Leach 14). He received many awards regarding his writings as he is a well-known figure in the decree, a leading literalist in the Harlem Renaissance and critique of racism. His works includes the book of poetry which is The Weary megrims published in 1926. He was famous in flowwright and musical dramas which were used in his time. Three of his famous works will be summarized and the influence of his works will be discussed. The Black Nativity (1921) this is a collection of gospel songs which must be presented by black people. This means the character indoors the gospel about the birth of Christ is portrayed by African Americans. It was played in Chicago and became a big hit in its time. The play was made from the influence of racism in the state. Langston created a new image of nativity when he arranged it to be played by Black people. This had bring about controversial tho still became popular because of its uniqueness in approach. Not with Laughter (1920) is a novel which depicts the black life in a townsfolk of Kansas. The work shows the characters life on his dealings with tragedies and peaceful lif e in the town. The Weary Blues (1926) this is collection of poetry blues by Hughes. The blues poem shows the nature toward affirmation and self negotiation, both consolatory mourning and melancholia (Ramazani 144).His works shows the life of black people in his time mixed with fictitious plots and heartwarming ideas in his works. The people view his works as inspirational and influences the way people view on the black people. The Harlem Renaissance is describe as a period wherein racial criticism is intense wherein the blacks challenge the white racism by producing African Americans good in various field. This divine Hughes to continue his endeavor towards writing his own poetry.Criticisms on his worksAt present, his works can be seen as not to promote racism moreover to see how Blacks and Whites have the same talents and ideals. The thorough examination of his works shows how he gave the tragedies on the life of blacks but then provide the positive side of it. His famed play which is the Black Nativity showed a different approach in the way people think about gospel plays. The new approach was criticized but then, the issue of equality in religion beyond racial boundaries prevailed.His works became useful in the development of African American literature and continues evolvement of the discipline. His experience and his thoughts influenced the society through his writings. Hes well known works influenced the culture and life of the people in his time and the present.

Representation Of The American Dream Film Studies Essay

Independence Day is a word-painting directed by Roland Emmerich WHAT HAPPENED RELEASED? ? ? in 1996, which shows the planet under an foreign onslaught, where the U.S. is the meaning of the job and the responsibility that saves the population. In relation to this movie s everal elements washstand be analyzed plumping to the American civilization. One of the roughly importingant is The American am eccentriciousness. An ideal of American civilization that is based on democracy and equality and aims to keep the public assi bearing of smart set, in order to accomplish the fulfilment of the dreams of its members. found on this, the inquiry that this paper attempts to reply is To what extent the film Independence Day directed by Roland Emmerich reflects the American dream?In this paper is subject how there is a relationship between The American Dream as a cultural component that holds an American ideal and the halt of the movie, where elements, the movie nowadayss much(pr enominal) as leading, equality in footings of race, gender and societal scope, and the image of a perfect democracy REPRESENT THIS FEATURE.So we can see IN THIS trend that the movie represents to a great extent and sincerely clearly the American Dream, because it reaffirms the cardinal function of American civilization on a planetary context by exposing the values aaof the American Dream as the state defends the planet from the Alien onslaught, it besides brings these values aato a planetary context as it crawfishs the independency Day as a jubilation of planetary immensity, and demoing America as a state where the dreams of an full state and its members atomic number 18 fulfilled.Word count 262IntroductionNowadays The United States is one of the most influential states in the planetary context, taking into account statement its economic and forces power. However its importance worldwide is besides call fit to their civilization, a civilization that has strongly expanded i n the Western Hemisphere by distri only ifing a set of imposts, traditions and ideals. Among the strongest and vocalism ideals of American civilization is what is known as The American Dream , a make up that has transcended through history and has strongly consolidated American civilization by demoing that in this state people can accomplish an ideal life style where all of its members fulfill their dreams in a state that enforces their rights and public assistance.pickings this into history it is of import to analyse how these ideals be represented and displayed as portion of American civilization by concentrating on a specific cultural artefact, in this pillowcase the movie Independence Day directed by Roland Emmerich released on 1996.Roland Emmerich is a German movie manager, film writer and manufacturer known by his scientific moderate fiction productions which normally show humanity under unhealthful and hazardous state of affairss. That is why on Independence Day a ruinous context can be seen a context in which Planet Earth is under an Alien onslaught and places The United States in the centre of the accident and as a state that puts all of its attempts to salvage the planet.The purpose of this paper is to demo To what extent the movie Independence Day directed by Roland Emmerich reflects the American Dream. For this IT IS NECESSARY TO analyse the construct of The American Dream as portion of their civilization in relation to the elements that the movie shows, an analysis of the book by demoing the different state of affairss and compositors cases, and an analysis of the symbols used end-to-end the movie.THE AMERICAN DREAM AS REPRESENTATION OF THEIR CULTUREThe construct of the American Dream was introduced by James Truslow Adams in his book The Epic America , where he talks about this construct as a societal ideal representative of American civilization, which seeks equality in footings of chances and a comfy life style for eitheron e, based on a proper usage of democracy to accomplish it. The American dream is the cultural look of join American individuality and, even if it was on occasion transformed into the American incubus, it remains one of the most motivative forces of American civilisation and a in time feasible item of American exceptionalism. ( Stiuliuc, 2011 ) . Harmonizing to this, Diana Stiuliuc in her text The American Dream as the Cultural Expression of North American Identity claims that the American Dream despite the different readings that may hold, impart ever mention to the American civilization as a alone factor that represents the American national individuality. Taking these definitions into history we can see how this concepts fit the American civilization, because it is based on democracy and equality, constructs that were consolidated as portion of that civilization since they were mentioned in the American thoroughgoing law and the declaration of Independence.On the different manus, mentioning to Ferdinand Lasalle who said on his book On the kernel of fundamental laws ( YEAR ) that civilization is related with public consciousness, we can see a relationship between the Constitution and civilization. It means that the fundamental law has to reflect the facets of society that be determined by their imposts, their deterrent exampleity, their thoughts about tidy and evil and in general all sort of facets that represent the members of a society, in order to do people place with the fundamental law and really obey the Torahs. Harmonizing to this and concentrating in the film, it is important to stand out some constructs that clearly reflect The American Dream because they are based on democracy and equality, the construct of The United States as a state with a perfect democracy, a multicultural state and a planetary leader.Analysis OF THE SCRIPTThroughout the movie America is pictured in umteen ways as a theoretical account of democracy. Several though ts present in the authoritative paperss mentioned appear as constructs in the movie s secret plan, there are knobly four thoughts represented in the movie, they are America depicted as a progressive state, America depicted as a land in which ends can be fulfilled with adequate attempt, America as a state in which peace and the callable procedures are a precedence, and America as a state which liberty comes from the consent of the governed.America is shown as a progressive state in footings of its semi policy- fashioning construction, as the film shows how the state is worried about societal advancement and public assistance. One of the chief characters in the movie is the chair who takes on many functions depending on the state of affairss he faces throughout the movie one of these functions is that of a immature yet wise politician. In the movie America is shown as a land in which young person is non a hinderance in footings of wisdom. This is shown at the beginning of the mo vie when the death chair s communicating manager Constance Halbrook, another of import character, shows the intelligence to the President reasoning that people are assailing non his policies but his age.Other types of progressive thought are shown throughout the film such as the armorial bearing of argument and protest among the citizens. The President is shown as a human being despite his function as a hero, if he is non defeated at the terminal figure of the movie, it is due to his art as a politician and pass alternatively of a set of particular abilities built-in to himself. Protestors are shown when US constabularies and military forces take topographic point near to the Alien ships. And argument is implied in occasional Television broadcasts shown as secondary secret plan devices.America is depicted as a land in which dreams can be fulfilled throughout the full movie. Almost each character starts his or her journey with a sealed defeat, David failed as a scientist, Consta nce failed in her old relationship with David, Steven could non acquire a occupation in NASA and Jasmine struggles with maintaining her household together. At the terminal of the movie after each character is forced to turn and has to set immense attempts in developing their accomplishments or traveling through great hazard, is able to digest through his or her ends, David and Steve win in their onslaught to the extraterrestrial being ship, Constance and Jasmine are able to set their households together.America is besides shown as a peaceable state that wo nt assail unless it is attacked foremost. later Alien ships are positioned over each major metropolis in the United States the President gives the order to near them in a peaceable port by holding a group of choppers get near to one of the infinite ships and air a welcome message. Following an violative by the Aliens the President gives the order of a countermove. Besides it is implied at several minutes that America is a stat e that respects the mastery of others, it is merely after the United States domination is threatened that unfastened war Begins.This is closely related to the thought mentioned before that America is a state in which authorization comes from the consent of the governed. Most scenes in the film show scenarios of political life, Television arguments, the Oval Office, the White House and so on, democracy is a cardinal subject to the film. A really representative minute of this thought is when the President decides to fix a atomic onslaught merely after having a message from the Aliens that describes their method Foreigners are compared to locusts, their kernel is that of the strike antonym to the freedom of a democratic authorities.Some of the mentioned thoughts have a analogue in authoritative paperss. The 5th amendment of the United States fundamental law references due procedure as one of the chief constituents of justness in the United States this thought is re-enacted several clock during the movie. Nor shall be compelled in any condemnable pillow slip to be a informant against himself, nor be deprived of life, autonomy, or belongings, without due procedure of jurisprudence . ( U.S fundamental law. Amendment. 5 ) . The Declaration Of Independence provinces that the beginning of authorization of each state should be the consent of the governed and non the autocratic regulation of a sovereign, and that thought is reflected in the film as it shows the concerns of the president anytime he is doing a intent that may or may non profit people.Another ill-famed thought is the representation of America as a multicultural state. Different genders and ethnicities are shown in the film busying different of import functions, as it is an thought of equality that reaffirms The American Dream. Scientists are shown as people from Caucasic, Asiatic and Afro-american descent every bit good as one of the chief characters, David, who is clearly of Judaic descent. Woman s have of import functions during the movie excessively, Constance and Margaret, the for the first time Lady, are shown as brave and dedicated big(p) fe viriles among the universe of political relations, and Jasmine is shown as a strong adult female and female parent willing to make what it takes in order to last and cheer her household. It is of import to advert about this component of the movie what Hanson said on her work American Dream in the twenty-first Century an thought that shows a close relationship between the movie and the American Dream. The American Dream represents a province of head that is an digesting optimism given to a people who might be tempted to yield to the parturiencies of hardship, but who, alternatively, repeatedly rise from the ashes to go on to construct a great state. ( Hanson, White, 2011 ) .Soldiers that are one of the chief constituents of the secret plan are besides from different cultural backgrounds. There is representation of Caucasians, A frican-Americans and Latinos, each individual is compelled to contend for the independency of the United States irrespective of their cultural background or job as is chiefly shown with Russell a husbandman who is considered brainsick and intoxicated during most of the movie but turns into a hero by the terminal.Both the 15th and nineteenth amendments to the United States fundamental law support gender and race diverseness by protecting the right to vote of people from all genders and ethnicities. This thought is an inherent portion of The American Dream and their civilization, and is hence represented in the movie repeatedly.Aside from that, it is of import to advert how the military forces of the United States of America are shown throughout the movie. Military forces are of import since they are the first establishment of the American authorities to look in the movie after the foreigners have appeared and have been identified, they are the first group to confront the menace and set research and analysis into gesture. They are besides the first 1s to set up a defensive stance towards the encroachers. This is shown in the film since a Pentagon functionary who discovers the Aliens aim takes as first step the action of citing the Secretary of Defense.A really outstanding thought shown in the movie is the American place in respects of struggle against enemies. It is really of import to stand out their function as negotiants and a peaceable society at the beginning of the movie, they ab initio will non assail unless they are attacked. In the movie, the first attack to the foreigners by the American authorities is a peaceable 1. after this peaceable effort goes awfully incorrect and the foreigners onslaught, the ground forces is given the green visible radiation to revenge. This response as we mentioned before was of class more than ready.This peaceable characteristic of the American society has every bit good analogues in the official paperss. In the Declarati on Of Independence, it is stated that the King of England had attacked foremost by puting military personnels in American district even in times of peace. It besides says that America will remain in peace with all its Alliess and friends but will be in war with any enemy.Making an analysis of the chief characters points of position we can see that they ever keep an attitude of courage and enthusiasm. foremost of all we can see how the President ever keeps a courageous image and is neer afraid or intimidated by the Aliens he is ever present at every minute, declining any invitation to a shelter and making everything possible for his state. This thought is reinforced when he decides to be a member of the conclude violative combat like any other soldier.Another component depicted in the movie that reinforces this thought of America as a dovish and caring state yet ready to conflict, is how solidarity is an indispensable feature of all characters personality. This thought is consp icuously shown one time once more in the President. He is invariably shown as a loving household adult male. He appears for the first clip during the movie while having a call from his married cleaning woman and being with his girl. He stays with his girl throughout the full movie and has his married woman in head. On the other manus, David is shown as a character attached to moral unity, an conservationist ever concerned about taking attention of the planet and the greater good. He is because of that the first 1 to travel against the termination of establishing a atomic assault.Another recurrent subject in the movie is the word picture of the United States as a technological ace power. Scientists are during the narrative more than support characters, they are heroes. Since the beginning of the movie scientific installations are shown. In fact the first character to look in the movie is a scientist. The movie goes back and Forth between political and scientific scenarios in which all characters interact. America displays power in the movie through political relations, the ground forces and engineering. All these three scenarios are closely intertwined and together organize what makes the United States a ace power in the movie.As mentioned, scientific discipline appears in the movie really early. The first image is a shooting of the American flag placed on the Moon demoing one of the biggest accomplishments of humanity in footings of infinite geographic expedition. Then it continues by picturing a scene of a High-tech installation in which scientists discover for the first clip the presence of the Alien encroachers. The importance of scientific discipline in the film non merely as a tool of endurance but as an icon of American pride is reinforced every clip that characters face an obstruction in footings of engineering. Very early in the movie a member of the armed forces is change when an employee of the Pentagon admits that they are confused about what is traveling on.Another characteristic of the movie related to the word picture of engineering is the manner that other states engineering is represented. Iraq and Russia are shown as states in ruins after the foreign onslaught, the Russian orbiter is shown as old and is instantly destroyed, it is implied that the lone web the Aliens usage is the American 1.David is hence the most of import character in the movie in footings of engineering. His personal journey goes from being a scientist who failed passkeyly despite his surveies and intelligence to being the 1 who discovers the foreigner communicating system and the 1 who learns how to destruct their defences. David is the mastermind who represents the true power of America which is non the beastly show of force but the usage of cognition, engineering and advancement. It is because of him that the universe has to follow America s lead during conflict.Another really outstanding representation of America in the movie is that of the st ate being shown as a brave and resilient state. Americans are shown as heroes who overcome hardship no affair how strong their oppositions may be, ever willing to support themselves and their people, American scientists, politicians and soldiers come along to be utterly resilient and indestructible. That characteristic though is non shown as the get downing point of the movie, in fact, America s most effective metropoliss are destroyed and all of their military attempts are rendered useless before the onslaught is successful exposing a narrative of heroes who had to give everything in order to win and who to be able to support their freedom had to trust on their courage merely.Indeed America is shown as the Land of The Free and the Home of The Brave many times during the film. The figures of the President and the First Lady are illustrations of bravery, unwilling to conceal, both decide to remain with the people of America during the foreigner onslaughts even after they are offe red protection. The First Lady s forfeit is hence the ultimate show of courage and will to go against the oppressors. Even right before her decease she is shown as a warrior who has set her head on the lone end of supporting her state even at the point of give uping her life, she says she trusts her hubby s capablenesss in kind the conflict turning her decease into the traveling force of the President s finding to win.The President is so the most of import figure of courage and resiliency. not merely he is challenged in footings of his occupation he is besides personally attacked and has his household destroyed before he can stand against the foreigners. This mixture of professional and personal duty comes together in his function as a soldier. The President is besides a soldier with particular abilities in the Fieldss of air combat, he personally leads the concluding conflict against the foreigners, because of this ground he is cardinal to America s triumph, he embodies the might of the State, the courage of Americans and the people s will to adjudge and boom through great attempts.Other chief characters are symbols of bravery and resiliency. Russell is the everyman who even after being described as a bad male parent and mediocre adult male saves the twenty-four hours by demoing that nil else is more of import than functioning his state and carry throughing his responsibilities as an American soldier, the President grants him the position of hero, because of this ground Russell receives the blessing of his household and in malice of his old failure he turns into a hero because of his courage and willing to give.Steven is besides the soldier who is willing to lose everything if it is for his state and his loved 1s. His motives are carry throughing his dream of being an spaceman, functioning his state and protecting the household he wants to organize with Jasmine. He puts himself at great hazard by being a portion of the stealing mission to destruct the enem y defence and does it without any vacillation. The same goes for David who as a member of this mission risks everything in name of the things he believes in, he is shown as an conservationist who would make anything in order to salvage his state.Jasmine on the other manus shows another type of opposition. She is the 1 that as a chief character represents the people of America. The mundane combatant, the passionate female parent, she can merely defy by making what every civilian can make, being brave and swearing her province leaders. This is another outstanding characteristic of the movie. Peoples are shown as bleak yet courageous citizens, they do nt hold the strength to contend against the foreigners but do so by seting their trust in their authorities.The American civilians have at least a common feature with the military and authorities their failing that turns into courage and eventually triumph. Then war is non between two every bit herculean oppositions, worlds are evidentl y outnumbered and overpowered. Their railcars and arms are shown as bantam following to the immense arms of the foreigners, even the concluding arm against their defences is bantam, a computing machine virus, demoing that intelligence, bravery and forfeit are worth more than natural force.Use OF SYMBOLSOne of the most outstanding symbols shown in the film is the address given by the President to the soldiers preceding to the conflict against the foreigners, where non merely are displayed loyal ideals but besides America is depicted as a state that to the full represents the promises of the American dream. One of the chief symbolic mentions is the declaration of the 4th of July as a world-wide jubilation widening the thought of The United States national independency to the full universe declaring that manner that the ideals of the American revolution and its independency values are applicable to the full universe and should hence be celebrated by all states since they represent wh at is good for every state.This mention to the 4th of July, which is of class a chief thought in the movie sing its relevancy in relation to the rubric, topographic points America as the leader of the universe. The United States authorities and its military establishments are the 1s to get down and take the onslaught against the foreign menace the mentioned address keeps a strong moral and military rhetoric manner. The response from the hearers of the address is extremely emotional as they are all willing to support these cosmopolitan values in a clear mention to The American Dream.On the other manus we can speak about the symbols displayed visually. Throughout the movie different topographic points are shown and many are representative of American civilization. Chiefly, authorities edifices like the Pentagon or the White House and national memorials like the Statue of Liberty are shown, besides the skylines of New York metropolis and the metropolis of Los Angeles are repeatedly fe atured. These symbols are a representation of the chief facets of American civilization in relation to The American Dream authorities edifices represent the power of the United States, its importance in maintaining peace and order, as they show the importance of democracy. Cities like New York or Los Angeles are non merely the chief economic centres of the state but the most celebrated touristic finishs in America.DecisionFinally it can be seen how the construct of the American Dream has a really of import function in everything related to the American civilization, from it, the bases for a great sum of societal ideals that represent and promote American civilization and individuality have been formed. The American Dream efforts to carry through all ideals of equality and common wellbeing a state where the dreams of all its members can go a world depending on the extent to which they belong to the American society.It is really interesting besides to analyse how these constructs go back to authoritative texts like the Declaration Of Independence and the Constitution of the United States since the importance of making a planetary state had already been stated. Taking this into history, it can be seen how this movie includes clear mentions reaffirming the cultural importance of the American Dream in a planetary context by demoing how this state has the capacity of being a universe leader and maintaining a society together.In the movie, the constructs that depict the United States as a state with a perfect authorities system can be seen. America achieves through democracy a society that has equal rights for everyone unheeding of ethnicity, gender and societal differences but most of the movie depicts America as a state able to maintain a society in harmony where corporate aims and single dreams are fulfilled.Finally, in footings of the enquiry that guides this paper, it can be seen that the movie greatly represents the American Dream. Even from the rubric which refers to an American vacation but places it on a planetary context we can see how this movie shows American values as the reply the universe needs to be able to last the invasion. We can see in the movie how the United States is tested and destroyed merely so it can reaffirm itself as a powerful state in all its facets, chiefly culturally, demoing the importance of the American Dream at a national and international degree.Word count 3974

International Brand Strategy

4. Identify the factors that wish to be considered when graveling a chump dodging within the assistant-based industries and explain why the development a clear and consistent somatic soil image and report card is a fundamental tack togetherer of international discoloration dodge. Corporate brand image Branding is the art and science of identifying and fulfilling human physical and emotional needs by capturing their attention, imagination and emotion.Your embodied brand is, more than than anything else, the most signifi nett thing that will define you in the public eye, and therefore the one that will abet to ensure your achiever or your demise. A strong brand image and name will boost confidence throughout the business, and create a strong, successful impression in the market. Keller (2003a) says, technically speaking, then, whenever a marketer creates a new name, logo, or symbol for a new product, he or she has created a brand A brand serves to identify a product and to distinguish it from competition. The challenge today is to create a distinctive image (Kohli and Thakor 1997) The resource-based view within the dodging literature has argued that sustainable competitive advantage is created primarily from intangible capabilities, including brands and reputations (Omar et al. , 2009) The relative importance placed by the firm on its corporate identity also influences brand structure. Companies much(prenominal) as IBM and Apple place considerable emphasis on corporate identity (Schmitt and Simenson 1997).In the case of IBM, Big Blue is associated with a solid corporate reputation and reflects the companys, desire to project an image of a large reliable computer company that provides products and serving worldwide. The IBM logo is featured on products and advertising worldwide to land this image. Equally, Apple used its neon apple logo to project the image of a vibrant challenger in the personal computer market. Why does it bailiwick? Identifi cation of sources of product Assignment of responsibility to product maker. Risk reducer Search cost reducer Symbolic device Signal of step prognosticate or bond with product or maker Advantage Aw beness The harder a company works on its brand and identity, in most cases, the more aw arness it creates. For example, Coca-Cola is known worldwide for its product. A consumer stomach see it in a foreign county, with labelling in a foreign language and know it is a Coca-Cola product. The red colour and shape of the bottle is an immediate trigger in many minds as to the fact that the drink is a Coca-Cola product. This is mark and identity at its best. Advantage Consistency in the MarketplaceThe more often a customer sees your brand in the marketplace, the more often he will consider it for purchase. If the brand and identity argon truly kept consistent, the customer is more likely to feel that the quality is consistent and to become a loyal follower of the brand. However, this gist t hat the product must maintain a consistency that reflects the image as well. Attract stakeholders, which bear aid the development of strong business relationships. Focuses on foresighted term growth Disadvantage Can Become Commonplace Many brands strive to be No. 1 in the minds of consumers. For example, in many split of the U.S. , people request a Coke when they go to a restaurant, not necessarily meaning a Coca-Cola product, but any soda. While it is the goal of branding to become the standard, it is not the goal to become the generic term of a line of products. Disadvantage Negative Attributes If a product or service experiences a negative event, that will become attached to the brand. For example, a cudive recall or unintentionally offensive ad campaign can tarnish a companys brand and image, causing the company to need to physical body a whole new brand and identity to recapture its place in the market.An important element of a firms all overall brand schema is its brand ing policy. Strong brands help the firm establish an identity in the marketplace and develop a solid customer franchise (Aaker 1996 Kapferer 1997 Keller 1998), as well as provide a weapon to counter growing retailer power (Barwise and Robertson 1992). They can also provide the basis for brand extensions, which further strengthens the firms position and enhance value (Aaker and Keller 1990). In international markets, the firms branding strategy plays an important role in integrating the firms activities worldwide.A firm can, for example, develop global brands (using the same brand name for a product or service worldwide) or endorse local pastoral brands with the corporate brand or logo, thus establishing acommon image and identity across country markets. The top three strategic goals for brand strategy nowadays are increasing customer loyalty, differentiating from the competition, and establishing market leadership (Davis and Dunn 2002). A company with a well-executed branding strat egy gains important competitive advantages over its rivals.An efficacious branding strategy creates a clear and consistent identity for your products, based on qualities that are important to the market. Your branding strategy positions your products clearly in the minds of customers and prospects, and differentiates your products from competitive offerings. A well-executed branding strategy builds on the strengths of your brand by communicating brand values clearly and consistently. The measure of a well-executed branding strategy is immediate recognition by your target audience with consequent impact on your sales success.The profound questions that companies need to ask themselves when developing a brand include * What is the need we need to satisfy? * What are our core competencies? * What is the reason for this brand to exist in the world? * What is the role of branding in the context of the business strategy? Is it a functional or emotional brand? And then there are the inte rnal and external focuses. To maintain a positive brand reputation, there are 3 things that are required Good leaderships skills from managers that can drive the company towards their aims and objectives * Dedicated staff that possesses the same values reflected from the brand even in the workplace. * A good clean image in the eyes of the public. No controversies The key factors that need to be considered when developing a brand strategy include * purchase * Distribution * New products * Value Purchasing A well-executed branding strategy makes it easier for your customers to make purchasing decisions about your products.They have a clear perception of the performance, benefits and quality of your products. The confidence that the brand will continue to meet their expectations minimizes customers risk in purchasing your product. A strong brand helps you build long-term relationships with your customers. Customers continue to steal from companies they trust, so it is important to co ntinually reinforce the brand values that are important. Distribution You can also strengthen your presence in retail outlets and distributors through a well-executed branding strategy.Retailers feel confident in stocking a product with a strong brand, because they know there is strong consumer demand for that product. Your brand strategy can help you sell into retailers and build retail sales by stimulating demand. Encouraging distributors to use your branding material in their communications can also help to build business by giving customers confidence in the service they receive from the distributor. New Products A strong brand makes it abstemious to introduce new products that carry the same branding. The new product could be a range extension a different size, color or chance variable of an existing product.In the minds of customers, the new product will have the same qualities as the existing range because of its association with the existing brand. Value A well-executed b randing strategy ensures that your brand makes an effective contribution to profitability through increased revenue, improved distribution and growth through new products. This, in turn, creates greater value for shareholders, devising it easier for your company to attract investment and fund proximo growth There are a few risks that could come up when creating an international brand strategyAssuming the brand slide bys the same meaning market-to- market, resulting in message confusion Over-standardizing or over-simplifying the brand and its management, ie discouraged innovation at the local level Use of the wrong communications channels, resulting in inappropriate spending and ineffective impact Underestimating the investment, eon for a market to become aware of the brand, try it, and beget in it . Not investing in internal brand alignment to ensure that regional employees understand the brand values and benefits and are able and willing to communicate and deliver consistentl y.The brand image of an organisation typifys the current and immediate reflection that the stakeholders have towards an organisation (Bick et al. , 2003). It is related to the various physical and behavioural attributes of the organisation, such as business name, architecture, variety of products and operate, tradition, ideology, and to the quality cues communicated by the organisations products, services and people (Nguyen and Leblanc, 2001). Brand image must be consistent in recount to have a positive image in the eyes of the public.For example, Clairol introduced a mist stick curling iron in Germany, only to later settle out that the word mist was slang for manure. Pepsi translated the slogan The choice of a new generation in Taiwan but came out as, Pepsi, it will bring your ancestors back from the dead. These small hiccups may not be enough for major brands that are already established around the Globe, but for smaller brands trying to observe into international territory, it could turn into a serious disaster, as it could have been the first impression of that brand for a lot of people.Reputation is an outcome of interactions between stakeholders and the organisation over time (Argenti and Druckenmiller, 2004). An organisation does not have a single reputation at any point in time. It has a number of reputations depending on the stakeholders concerned. Interactions with brand-associated stimuli (including mass communication, employees, agents or other individuals and groups that are linked to the brand), enables stakeholders to form their perceptions of an organisation. These perceptions consolidate to become a single impression at a point in time the brand image.Over time these fragmentary images evolve to become the stakeholders perception of the reputation of the organisation. The corporate brand comprises two aspects corporate formulation and stakeholder images of the organisations identity. The former includes all mechanisms employed by the or ganisation to express its corporate identity to all stakeholder groups. Corporate expression links the organisations corporate identity with its corporate brand and accordingly is classified as part of both constructs.The strategic choices that organisational leaders must make to determine the corporate expression include the conceptualisation and communication of the visual identity, the brand promise and the brand personality. The second aspect of corporate branding encompasses stakeholders perspectives of an organisations brand. A stakeholder can never interact with an organisations corporate identity in its entirety they interact with aspects of the organisations identity and in so doing build their perception of the corporate brand. As stakeholders experience the brand, they develop brand images.Corporate reputation is the sum of all the views and beliefs held about the company based on its history and future prospects, in comparison to close competitors. Corporate reputation According to Firestein (2006), reputation is the strongest determinant of any organisations sustainability. While strategies can always be changed, when reputation is gravely injured, it is difficult for an organisation to recover. The key people whoassess reputationare your customers, your employees, your shareholders, competitors, trade bodies and other businesses and influential people in your sector.The key things that you do whichdrive your reputationare simply your company values, the products or services you offer, the people you employ and how well they work as a team, and the processes that help you run the business. Fombrun and van Riel (2003) suggest that organisations with good reputations attract positive stakeholder engagement. A favourable corporate reputation results in business survival and profitability (Roberts and Dowling, 2002), is an effective mechanism to maintain competitive advantage, and can aid in building customer retention and satisfaction (Caminiti, 199 2)While the definition of corporate reputation is debatable, the one proposed by Gotsi and Wilson (2001, p. 29) is instructive A corporate reputation is a stakeholders overall evaluation of a company over time. This evaluation is based on the stakeholders direct experiences with the company, any form of communication and symbolism that provides information about the firms actions and/or a comparison with the actions of other leading rivals. Organisational stopping point and business processes are also important levers that ust be aligned with the brand promise. Development of a positive brand image will only fall out when the brand promise expected by stakeholders is delivered. If this occurs consistently over time, a strong positive corporate reputation will result. Services currently represent a large and steadily increasing share of the global economy (Lovelock et al. , 2004). In Australia, the top 20 brands ranking by Interbrand, reported in BRW, shows that 17 of the top 20 br ands are from the services sector (Lloyd, 2001).In the next decade 90-95% of jobs created in the developed economy are expected to be in the services sector. The increasing dominance of the services economy world-wide has led some researchers to pay greater attention to unique aspects of branding services versus goods. For example, de Chernatony and Dall Olmo Riley (1999) conducted in-depth interviews with brand consultants and concluded that managers of services brands should not simply rely on FMCG branding techniques, and that adjustments were needed at the operational level to reflect the unique characteristics of services.Emphasising the heterogeneity and inseparability characteristics of services, Berry (2000) conceptualized a service branding model based on 14 high performance service companies, and proposed that creating an emotional connection with customers was the key to success OCass and Grace (2003) found that services brands differed from manufactured goods brands and that services brand managers were faced with challenges that were distinct from those faced by goods brand managers because of the inherent risks associated with services purchasesBusinesses in the service industry are intangible so therefore are very hard to keep control of and measure quality. Kotler (1986) states that the disadvantage that it has over business selling tangible goods is that the service has to be ready whenever the customer wants it. For example, if he wanted to stay in a hotel, then there should be a room ready for him to nap in. They are perishable, which means that the night that a room was not change cannot be sold after the day, or an aeroplane ticket cannot be sold off after the flight has taken off. The service industry looks

Operational Management Fields of Hard Rock Cafe Essay

Operation management is an academic field of study that focuses on the effective planning, scheduling, control and use of service firm and their operations as commemorate by the baptistery study of the gravely carry Caf. The operational management synthesizes concepts that postulate been produced from all other departments such as quality management, accounting, information ashess and lineage among others. To check up on that the company has sustenance in the handicraft, it is eternally paramount to have operational management schema. This will ensure that the management of the resources that they have will always be used as required and towards development of the traffic. in that respect ar polar strategic levels that argon involved in the operation management. Various managers to ensure that the final goals and objectives ar met spearhead these levels. Therefore, these levels will be evaluated in the problematic sway Caf to see how salubrious they have met them i n conjunction to the way they kick the bucket their backing. During layout of the operations, strategic managers are supposed to ensure that long time level management system is put in 0place to ensure that the business is able to track the test of time thereof expanding to bigger heights. Operational managers in the hotel are supposed to ensure that decisions on their food production service as fountainhead as deli precise is well planned to ensure that the hotel have consistent service delivery. Process and layout decision of the business, site location as well as the capacity that the business offer digest at any given time is part of the strategic management that will be evaluated. In evaluating firm Rock Caf, various elements will be looked at and how best the business has satisfied them. Therefore, to ensure that it there is exhaustive evaluation, these comp 1nts will be categorized in the following ways. Increase of hotel forcevertical integrationTechnology used in the business.Recruitment and employees maintenanceExpansion strategyIncrease in CapacityAccording to the history that the Hard Rock Caf has demonstrated over the years, it vividly shows that it has bigger capacity currently. With its 30years of existence, it has made it possible to have degree Celsius cafs, three hotels, casinos, live music venues, a huge annual Rock fest concert as wells a rock museum. Due to the capacity that the caf enjoys, it is regarded to be among service industry that in US has employed 75% of its population. Its operational management strategy of ensuring that it increases its capacity has made it expand spontaneously byout the demesne with 40 locations in different places in US by 1998. This has ensured that it is serving a meal capacity of 100,000 meals on chance(a) basis. Its capacity expansion has seen the past caf expand growing to over 106 locations in 38 countries in the world. Through their advantageously capacity ontogeny, the hotel has been named among the top ten-restaurant worldwide enjoying 92% name recognition. Vertical integrationAccording to microeconomics and management this a style that a business sector that adopt. It is especially where by different companies in supply chain is united through and through a common owner to produce market-specific service to ensure that customers needs are satisfied. Through upholding this operational management strategy, the business avoids hold up problem. In the Hard Rock Caf, there are different customers especially tourist who come from different countries. According to their case study, 70% of their customers are tourist from different countries. Therefore taking note of this, they have ensured that different food to ensure that they satisfy their customers. The Caf has grown to global landing field where they have use vertical integration strategy through make sure that they have amalgamated the traditional food of those places to ensure that at the end, they satisfy their customers. According to the statistics, the caf has bygone to 40 different countries globally therefore they had to ensure that they have that vertical integration strategy. Their variety menus that they offer depending with the country they are situated in are worry pork, beef and chicken. Other foods are like hamburger, cheeseburger, French fries among many others depending with the demand of their customers. All the sales of the above named food are managed from a central position in t headquarter to ensure diversification of the menu and distract change according to the prospected customers. This ensures the business have a very intense growth now rated among the top ten restaurant in the world. Use of Technology inthe businessFor every business that has a future projection, engineering is paramount in their operational management. Failure to uphold technology in the business, their run will eventually turn obsolete. Therefore, to ensure that they increase the speed of the services that they offer to their customers, Hard Rock Caf has upheld technology especially the computer technology that is so rampant in the business sector. This is to ensure that they increase the efficiency of their business, cut back procurement cost as they operate globally as well as multitasking. This makes them to ensure that they have increased the productivity of the company. According to the business case study, it shows that the heart of the sale forecasting of the business is the point-of-sale system (POS). This system helps the business to capture data of the transaction that have been make in the caf. The system give the business the ability to estimate the number of the customers who visit their business as every entry represent one customer. This is very helpful in putting production and expansion strategy. The method is quick and efficient with low cost involved. The data that is capture is transferred to the main offices in Orlando corporate database. Th is is where the process f0orecast is done through evaluation o the data capture on daily basis. This ensures the business is capable of maintaining sustainable services to the customers thus satisfying their customers needs. Due to the appropriate use of the technology, the financial team that is wind instrument by Lindsey is able to forecast guest count, retail sales, concert sales and banquet sales of each caf per month. This lead to appropriate operational management. In the act of holding the technology, the business has done well in this service sector. They have introduced a sophisticated application of statistics in the menu planning. They have used multiple regression method through the appropriate usage of computer that helps in computing the impact of demand of one meal to other menu whenever the price has been changed. Therefore, this help them to plan well incase of price change especially to the supplementary menus. This helps the business to capitalize in this strateg y to increase their sales. Workforce of the businessAny business idea can be driven to accomplish bigger things in the businessarena or be guided to a terrible failure by the kind of the employees that are employed. Through deployment of competent employees and ensuring that their morale is kept high through incentives, the goals of the business are easily achieved. This is because they know what to do and how to it better. According to most of the human resource managers, they regard employees as the most important resource in the business. Therefore, they needed to be appreciated and be held with utmost respect. They need to be reward through monetary and non-monetary programs to ensure that they deliver according to the required level. Hard Rock Caf is not an exceptional. According to their operational management strategy, recruitment and maintenance of the employees in the company has been their core value. They are out to create a skilful working environment for their employee s to ensure that the culture that they have created is sustained. According to them, they accept and nurture creativity, diversity and individuality of each employee to ensure that they employees are given emancipation to explore their diversity. This environment according to corporate teaching manager, it creates a working environment of the company beyond paycheck creating new challenge on daily basis. This is helpful to the employees as it increases their production. The business ensures that it gets the best employee in the initial stage that ensures that he/she is easily integrated to their culture. A new applicant is screened in different aspects that will make them be easily integrated in the business operation. They look for a highly motivated, bright, positive altitude individual who have an employee peter of rights and substantial employment empowerment. Through a proper recruitment process, they have ensured that they are able to maintain a low labor turnover. Employee s are subjected to training to ensure that they are competent in their functioning. Everyone who go to work in the Caf, they get Rock 101 which is a two day training class. This enables them to be integrated in the working team much faster. The work force of the Hard Rock Caf is offered a good package of reward among other incentives. There are offered overtime allowances and benefits for those who work for overtime. They offer internal training to individuals as well as high-level internal promotion that make the employees production to be always high. According to the company, 60% of the managers in the caf, they are promoted from hour working ranks. Expansion strategyThe main aim of al the business is to make profit. Otherwise, this can be well demonstrated through their idea of expansion. This means that, they are capable of meeting other basics needs of the company as well as getting more resources to compete with others in different arenas. Expansion of a business is of differ ent nature. This ranges from the variety of the products that they offer on daily basis, disruption of new branches as well as recruitment of more employees in the business capacity. According to Hard Rock Caf, the business has embraced this operational management strategy through carefully choosing a new location whenever the expansion is to be upheld. They ensure that they make a good and a careful decision making process to ensure that the investment that has to be placed in it meet a long time investment strategy. To ensure that their expansion strategy does not go in vain, they ensure that they are sensitive on those factors that may be a setback to their investments. Such factors are political risk, friendly norms of that location, social cost, currency risk, brand fit and business practices. The business uses global operation strategy, which is a multi domestic strategy. They tat time engage in the franchise as way of acquiring business firm ground in the new location. This as well as ensure that they are capable of local ownership of the business impart about unique capability therefore decreasing difficulties in the implementation of their goals. Operations management challenges of Hard Rock Caf in considering an expansion of its business into capital of Vietnam All the business that has an objec5tive of doing their business crosswise the boundaries of their country encounters several challenges. Hard Rock Caf is not an exceptional as it has been hit by different challenges across the globe. In considering its expansion in Hanoi Vietnam, it should be well fain because according to different market survey done in that country shows that, though the town is create at an alarming rate, it poses different challenges to especially foreign business. Some of the challenges that are apparent to be encountered by the business are discussed below. alkaliDespite of the town being the capital city of Vietnam, it is far from establishing good infrastructur e to cater for the business that is done in the town. Poor transport facilities are conspicuous making transportation ofgoods as well as services to be expensive and difficult. Hard Hotel especially will experience this challenge, as its customers are mostly tourist who may require good transport facilities. The communication facilities have not grown better as compared to most of other towns like Hong Kong in Japan. This makes the business that requires intensive communication to ensure that they operate their business like Hard Rock Caf to be threatened to use more of its resources in communication facilities making their initial cost of riseing the business in Hanoi be very high. CalamitiesVietnam is a country that is prone to such calamities as earthquake of high magnitude. Such calamities cannot be predicted making most of the business in towns like Hanoi to always be at risk. Therefore, if the Hard Rock Caf is ready to open a business in this place, they should have to antici pate the cause of injury that might be severally caused by this calamity. They may have to do lots of investment in insuring their business against such calamities that means higher operation cost. Government policiesThe cost of doing business in Hanoi poses dandy challenge that come about with the policies that the business has to encounter from the government of Vietnam. The tax imposition is high especially to foreigners making them to operate at high prices thus low turn over. There is a lot of problem regarding the laws governing the sidetrack of the business making it take a lot of time to start it. This may put off the business at the initial stage thus loss incurred. Therefore, the Caf require having a long focus in the start of the business, which is still expensive in terms of time, resources and money. To get finance from the government is tedious and regulated so much. This will make the business to come prepared to virtually finance solely from their own cash. This m ay be a little bit disadvantageous to the business as it may require just about more financing from the government in the end. DiscriminationAccording to the research that was done in the town, most of the business from the foreign countries succumb discrimination from the residence. This through the language barrier as well as not preferring to buy from theirbusiness. Though this has been declining with time, it has been in limelight for a while making the business loss considerably compared to the homegrown businesses. Therefore, the Hard Rock Caf should be prepared to form a strategic plan to counter that. CompetitionDue to the globalization, most of the business is taking the advantage of getting to the developing countries. According to PriceWaterHouse Coopers, Hanoi has been rated among the towns that are growing very fast in terms of population t0owards 2015. There is also projection of building of another airport in the town before 2015 to add to the one that is in the town . This will make the town to be very accessible from all over the country. Therefore, this has made much business including Hotel services business to flock in the town. This makes such business as Hard Rock Caf to be prepared for stiff competition that may pose danger to the expansion of the business in the town. This will require them to get good strategy to cope up with the competition Cultural practices and ethicsThe services that Hard Rock Caf offers are surrounded by culture and ethics of each community. Therefore, this is an expect challenge that the hotel will have to face in the country. With most of the population being Buddhist in religion taking a share of 92%, the hotel should ensure that they do good analysis of the service that they require in terms of food, music and other services. They have to ensure that they are able to integrate these cultures with other to create acceptance. Opportunities for Hard Rock when considering an expansion of its business into Hanoi Fi nancesDue to the position that the business has, it is capable of overcoming the disadvantage that most of the enemy are experiencing due to finance. It has been operating for a long time therefore, having the advantage of strong finance hold that can be able to sustain it until the business that it will open in Hanoi gets a good ground. This will make it more competitive in such a fast developing place and taking that advantage to propel to greater height. Experienced personnelAs the Hard Rock has been in other international markets, most of theseproblems has been solve else where by its personnel. Therefore, by the personnel, that it recruits who are diverse and very flexible in their way of working, they are capable of solving different issues concerning the business and strategizing for further growth in all the countries including Vietnam. Integrated servicesThe business offers integrated services that most of its competitors do not offer. A part from food and services, they offer recreation such as music. Due to cultural diversification of the town, there are always parties and celebrations at different times over the years. The town has a good number of Christians, Islam, and Buddhist among other religions who have different celebrations according to their culture in different time of the year. This makes the market a favorable place for the Hard Rock Caf to use its integrated services to especially make their business be accepted in this place by the residence. This is through involving all the cultural and religion values through music and interrelation events in their caf. Growth of the townThe population of this town in 2004 was rated to be about 4 million people. However, after six years, the population has grown past six million with anticipation with more. This means cheap labor will be available for the business as well as great market for their products. The building of another airport in the town will increase the ease of transport and s o reduce cost. It will also offer an additional terminal for the tourist to the town. This will be a great boost to Hard Rock Caf. completionHard Rock Caf has established itself as a competing business in the international arena. This has made it to go all over the world at be chosen among the top ten restaurant worldwide. Therefore, through its objective human resource and good organizations structure as well as highly rated personnel, it is likely to be one business to watch in the service providing industry in the near future.